The clinical significance of hormone-naïve prostatic adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: A histopathological and epidemiological re-evaluation

There are effective treatments for patients with localised prostate cancer, yet some fail treatment and experience disease progression. Some progress slowly while others progress rapidly and succumb to death. Risk-stratification in early-stage disease does not adequately differentiate between these groups of men. One of the biggest clinical challenges in prostate cancer is distinguishing patients with poor versus favourable prognosis. This study provides evidence that neuroendocrine cells in early-stage prostate cancer is likely to be associated with rapid tumour progression amongst men with high-risk disease.