NCHS - Death rates and life expectancy at birth

This dataset of U.S. mortality trends since 1900 highlights the differences in age-adjusted death rates and life expectancy at birth by race and sex.

Age-adjusted death rates (deaths per 100,000) after 1998 are calculated based on the 2000 U.S. standard population. Populations used for computing death rates for 2011–2017 are postcensal estimates based on the 2010 census, estimated as of July 1, 2010. Rates for census years are based on populations enumerated in the corresponding censuses. Rates for noncensus years between 2000 and 2010 are revised using updated intercensal population estimates and may differ from rates previously published. Data on age-adjusted death rates prior to 1999 are taken from historical data (see References below).

Life expectancy data are available up to 2017. Due to changes in categories of race used in publications, data are not available for the black population consistently before 1968, and not at all before 1960. More information on historical data on age-adjusted death rates is available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/hist293.htm.

SOURCES

CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, historical data, 1900-1998 (see https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm); CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data (see http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm); and CDC WONDER (see http://wonder.cdc.gov).

REFERENCES

1. National Center for Health Statistics, Data Warehouse. Comparability of cause-of-death between ICD revisions. 2008. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/comparability_icd.htm.

2. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital statistics data available. Mortality multiple cause files. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/vitalstatsonline.htm.

3. Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Xu JQ, Arias E. Deaths: Final data for 2017. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 68 no 9. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_09-508.pdf.

4. Arias E, Xu JQ. United States life tables, 2017. National Vital Statistics Reports; vol 68 no 7. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2019. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_07-508.pdf.

5. National Center for Health Statistics. Historical Data, 1900-1998. 2009. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm.

本数据集聚焦于自1900年以来美国死亡率趋势，突显了不同种族与性别在年龄调整死亡率及出生预期寿命方面的差异。自1998年之后的年龄调整死亡率（每10万人死亡人数）计算基于2000年的美国标准人口。计算2011-2017年死亡率所使用的种群数据为基于2010年人口普查的修订后估计值，估计时间为2010年7月1日。普查年度的死亡率基于相应普查中的人口统计数据。2000年至2010年非普查年度的死亡率修订采用了更新的跨普查人口估计值，可能与先前发布的比率存在差异。1999年之前的年龄调整死亡率数据来源于历史数据（详见下文参考文献）。预期寿命数据可追溯至2017年。由于出版物中种族分类的变化，1968年之前黑人人口的数据无法连续获取，1960年之前则完全不存。有关年龄调整死亡率历史数据的更多信息，请访问https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/hist293.htm。数据来源：CDC/NCHS，国家生命统计系统，历史数据，1900-1998年（详见https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm）；CDC/NCHS，国家生命统计系统，死亡率数据（详见http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm）；以及CDC WONDER（详见http://wonder.cdc.gov）。参考文献：1. 国家健康统计中心，数据仓库。ICD修订之间死亡原因的可比性。2008年。获取自：http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality/comparability_icd.htm。2. 国家健康统计中心。可获取的生命统计数据。死亡率多原因文件。马里兰州海蒂斯堡：国家健康统计中心。获取自：https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/vitalstatsonline.htm。3. Kochanek KD，Murphy SL，Xu JQ，Arias E。死亡：2017年最终数据。国家生命统计报告；第68卷第9期。马里兰州海蒂斯堡：国家健康统计中心。2019年。获取自：https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_09-508.pdf。4. Arias E，Xu JQ。美国生命表，2017年。国家生命统计报告；第68卷第7期。马里兰州海蒂斯堡：国家健康统计中心。2019年。获取自：https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_07-508.pdf。5. 国家健康统计中心。历史数据，1900-1998年。2009年。获取自：https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/mortality_historical_data.htm。