MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPING EMPATHY AND COMPASSION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

This article analyzes the pedagogical and psychological mechanisms of the formation and development of empathy and compassion in preschool children. Empathy is the ability to understand and feel the emotional state of others, which is one of the main components of the socialization, moral education and communicative competence of a person. The preschool period is considered the most important stage in the emotional and intellectual development of a child. It is during this period that the child learns to understand the emotions of others, to respond to them appropriately and to show empathy. The theoretical foundations of the development of empathy, its psychological mechanisms, as well as methods of pedagogical influence are covered. Effective ways to form empathic relationships in children through play activities, role-playing games, fiction, fairy tales and conversations are considered. The importance of the personal example of parents and educators is also emphasized.