Cow Placenta Extract Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Intestinal Damage by Enhancing the Intestinal Barrier, Im-proving Immune Function, and Restoring Intestinal Microbiota

The gut serves as the body is primary barrier against the invasion of pathogens. Nevertheless, the structural integrity of the intestinal barrier can be undermined by various factors, including immunosuppression, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Cow placenta extract, which contains bio-active peptides with immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties, shows promise for therapeutic use. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of cow placenta extract on cyclophos-phamide-induced intestinal injury in immunosuppressed mice. The findings indicated that the administration of cow placenta extract enhanced the immune organ index and increased the levels of immune-related cytokines, antioxidant enzymes, secretory immunoglobulin A, and defensin in the intestine, thereby improving intestinal mucosal immune function. Additionally, cow placenta extract strengthened the intestinal barrier by upregulating the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins. Additionally, it aided in preserving a beneficial equilibrium of gut microbiota. The results indicate that cow placenta extract, as a valuable natural therapy, mitigates the intestinal damage caused by cyclophosphamide by enhancing the intestinal barrier, enhancing immunological func-tion, and repairing the intestinal microbiota. This offers a hopeful approach to mitigate the intestinal damage caused by immunosuppression.