GPCC全球月平均降水V4.0（1901-2019）

全球降水气候中心（the Global Precipitation Climatology Center，GPCC）：由世界气象组织（the World Meteorological Organization，WMO）主办的DWD（Deutscher Wetterdienst）管理。这里提供两种GPCC数据：一种是监测数据（Monitoring Data Product）。该产品是基于7 000个台站的质量控制资料。另一种是1951—2004年的完全数据（Full Data Product）。该产品是基于更多台站（超过43 000）的质量控制数据，其时间分布也很规则。这种产品优化了空间分布，用来进行水分平衡方面的研究。需要注意，GPCC提供的观测—分析格点数据产品还没有修正观测系统误差，但其提供了误差的气候学估计，并给出各格点所包括的台站数 。目前，GPCC 的完全数据的再分析V5.0版本（GPCC Full Data Reanalysis Version 5）已释放，其为2.5°×2.5°/1°×1°/0.5°×0.5°的再分析数据，是基于GPCC所有台站观测（64 400个台站的至少10年的数据）的，因此可用来进行全球和区域的水平衡研究、基于降水估计的遥感资料的订正以及模式验证，但在实际应用和评估中需要考虑某些格点和某些月份的台站数，尤其在一些观测稀疏的区域。注意：1969.2完全数据的再分析数据已于2011.1.20重新计算，2005.12，2006.1的数据于2011.4.18重新计算。

The Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC) is hosted by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and administered by Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). Two types of GPCC data products are provided herein: one is the "Monitoring Data Product", which is developed based on quality-controlled data from 7,000 meteorological stations. The other is the "Full Data Product" covering the period from 1951 to 2004. This product is based on quality-controlled data from a larger station network (more than 43,000 stations) with a highly regular temporal distribution, and it features optimized spatial distribution for water balance research. It should be noted that the observational-analytical gridded data products provided by GPCC have not yet been corrected for observational system errors, but they offer climatological error estimates and report the number of stations included in each grid cell. Currently, the GPCC Full Data Reanalysis Version 5 has been released. This reanalysis dataset is available at three spatial resolutions: 2.5°×2.5°, 1°×1°, and 0.5°×0.5°, and is constructed using all available GPCC station observations (at least 10 years of data from 64,400 stations). Accordingly, it can be applied to global and regional water balance studies, remote sensing data correction based on precipitation estimates, and model validation. However, in practical applications and evaluations, the number of stations in specific grid cells and months must be taken into account, particularly in regions with sparse observational coverage. Note: The reanalysis data for February 1969 was recalculated on January 20, 2011; data for December 2005 and January 2006 were recalculated on April 18, 2011.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是GPCC（全球降水气候中心）提供的全球月平均降水V4.0版本，覆盖1901年至2019年，包含监测数据和完全数据两种产品，基于数千个质量控制台站观测。数据以NetCDF格式提供，具有月时间分辨率和多种空间分辨率（如2.5°×2.5°），适用于全球水分平衡研究、遥感资料订正和气候模式验证，但需注意数据未修正观测系统误差且仅限于非盈利用途。