Comparison of Clusters and Baseline Participant Characteristics among Randomized groups.

* GP = trained general practitioner; HHE = home health education
† Use of Tobacco (Smoking and Chew). Current users are those who at the time of survey either smoke and/or use pan with tobacco. Past users are those who have smoked ≥ 100 cigarettes or chewed ≥ 100 pans in their life time. Never users are those who have smoked <100 cigarettes or chewed < 100 pans in their life time.
‡ Physical activity MET (Metabolic Equivalent) Score was defined as: Total MET-minutes/week = Walk (METs-min*days) + Moderate (METs*min*days) + Vigorous (METs*min*days).
§ Low socioeconomic status defined as monthly household income <$50 as reported by Federal Bureau of Statistics.
|| Diabetes was defined as patients taking anti diabetic medications, or having fasting blood sugar ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL). Blood samples were missing in 62 subjects.
¶ Central obesity was defined as having a waist circumference of ≥ 80 cm in women and ≥ 90 cm in men.
†† Overweight/Obesity was defined as Asian specific criterion of ≥23 kg/m2.
‡‡ Controlled BP is defined as (systolic BP < 140 & diastolic BP < 90 mm Hg).
§§ CVD risk score is computed based on Framingham risk equation based on age, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, systolic BP, antihypertensive therapy status, smoking, and diabetes.
Comparison of Clusters and Baseline Participant Characteristics among Randomized groups.