National Incident-Based Reporting System, 2014: Extract Files

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is a part of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The extract files version of NIBRS was created to simplify working with NIBRS data. Data management issues with NIBRS are significant, especially when two or more segment levels are being merged. These issues require skills separate from data analysis. NIBRS data as formatted by the FBI are stored in a single file. These data are organized by various segment levels (record types). There are six main segment levels: administrative, offense, property, victim, offender, and arrestee. Each segment level has a different length and layout. There are other segment levels that occur with less frequency than the six main levels. Significant computing resources are necessary to work with the data in its single-file format. In addition, the user must be sophisticated in working with data in complex file types. For these reasons and the desire to facilitate the use of NIBRS data, ICPSR created the extract files. The data are not a representative sample of crime in the United States.

国家事件基于报告系统（NIBRS）是统一犯罪报告计划（UCR）的一部分，由联邦调查局（FBI）负责管理。为简化NIBRS数据的处理，特创建了NIBRS的提取文件版本。NIBRS在数据管理方面存在显著问题，尤其是在对两个或更多数据段级别进行合并时。这些问题需要与数据分析技能相区别的专业技能。联邦调查局格式化的NIBRS数据存储在一个单独的文件中，并按照不同的数据段级别（记录类型）进行组织。存在六个主要的数据段级别：行政、犯罪、财产、受害者、犯罪者和被逮捕者。每个数据段级别具有不同的长度和布局。除此之外，还存在频率低于六个主要级别的其他数据段级别。处理这种单一文件格式的数据需要大量的计算资源。此外，用户在处理复杂文件类型的数据时必须具备一定的复杂性。基于这些原因以及对方便使用NIBRS数据的渴望，美国犯罪政策与统计研究所（ICPSR）创建了提取文件。这些数据并非美国犯罪状况的代表样本。