National Agricultural Survey 2018 - Peru

Abstract
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The fundamental purpose of the 2018 National Agricultural Survey was to provide statistical information that enables the characterization of small, medium, and large agricultural holdings. The information from the survey also enables the construction of indicators to facilitate monitoring and evaluation of the various budgetary programs that are within the framework of the Budget for Results that the Ministry of Economics and Finance has been implementing in the public sector, and in this way, contribute to the design and orientation of public policies that aim to improve the living standards of agricultural producers.

The specific objectives of the 2018 National Agricultural Survey are to:

- Determine the percentage of agricultural producers who carry out adequate agricultural and livestock practices.
- Obtain information from agricultural producers who carry out an adequate planting orientation.
- Determine the percentage of agricultural producers who have carried out soil analysis and received technical assistance to implement the results of said analysis in the last three years.
- Determine the percentage of agricultural producers who have received technical assistance regarding the installation and management of pastures and have applied it in the last three years.
- Determine the percentage of agricultural producers who have been trained on the installation and management of pastures in the last three years.
- Obtain the percentage of agricultural producers who apply technical irrigation.
- Estimate the agricultural area with technical irrigation.
- Determine the percentage of agricultural producers informed on agri-food safety issues.
- Obtain a baseline against which to measure the percentage increase in gross profit from sales of small producers.
- Determine the percentage of agricultural producers organized and managing their organizations' business.
- Obtain a baseline against which to measure the percentage increase in the value of sales of small subsistence agricultural producers.
- Obtain the percentage of small organized agricultural producers who have access to storage infrastructure and equipment for marketing.

Geographic coverage
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Agricultural Holdings

Analysis unit
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Agricultural holdings

Universe
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The survey covers all agricultural holdings within the country that are less than 50 ha and the agricultural holdings that are agricultural or farming enterprises, as well as enterprises and large producers (Special Stratum).

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sampling frame from which the survey sample was selected is made up of the statistical information In the 2012 National Census of Agriculture.

The final sample of the 2018 National Agricultural Survey is made up of 30,806, agricultural holdings, out of which 29,218 are small and medium producers in 2,086 selected conglomerates.

The sample of the National Agricultural Survey aimed at small and medium agricultural holdings comprises two sampling types:

- Panel Sample: made up of agricultural holdings that were interviewed in 2016, 2017 and were again in 2018.
- Non-Panel Sample: made up of the agricultural holdings that were interviewed for the first time in 2018.

The sample of the National Agricultural Survey aimed at large agricultural holdings (enterprises and large producers) is classified into types of strata and sample.

Stratum type:
- Business
- Natural persons (large producers)
- Poultry farm
- Farms and stables (pig farm, guinea pig farm, dairy barn or cattle fattening center)

Sample type:

- Census: made up of agricultural holdings that have were interviewed in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 and again in 2018.
- Sample: agricultural holdings that have been interviewed in 2014, 2015, 2016 or 2017, and other units will be interviewed for the first time in 2018.

Sampling deviation
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100% of agricultural holdings in the planned sample were interviewed.

Agricultural holdings with no activity identified in the sample:
It was observed that out of the 28,119 agricultural holdings with either complete or incomplete questionnaires, 1,021 correspond to agricultural holdings without any agricultural activity and 27,098 agricultural units had conducted some agricultural, livestock or agricultural activity in the last 12 months.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Cleaning operations
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OBJECTIVES

I. General objective

To establish strategies and procedures to ensure the quality and consistency of the data cleaning process of the information obtained from the ENA.

II. Specific objectives

- Develop procedures and work-flow for the different areas involved in the project.
- Develop systems that provide the necessary support for the proper performance of project activities.
- Guarantee the integrity and consistency of the information collected in the field operation of the project.
- Ensure the consistency of the structure of the data in digital form to ensure the correct digitization of agricultural holdings.

STRATEGIES

- Implementation of a Monitoring and Data Entry System, containing modules of different processes, which provide support to the various project tasks.
- Use of WEB technology that enables access to the Monitoring System "Integrated System ENA 2018", from any place with an Internet connection.
- Application of a decentralized data entry and processing system in each of the operational headquarters.

TASKS TO BE CONDUCTED

I. Development of the Data Entry System ENA 2018

An Integrated System is developed to provide support to the project. This system contains the following modules:

- Tablet Coverage Module
- Segmentation Module
- Monitoring Module
- Data Transfer Module (Export)
- Basic Consistency Module
- Indicator Calculation Module
- Report Module

II. Information Analysis

This task consisted of evaluating, identifying, and fixing the errors and missing values in variables in the dataset. This task is under the mandate of the National Supervisor and is supervised by a team in charge of data processing and methodology in the headquarters

III. Development and analysis of the quality-check indicators

This task entails the development of methodological rules and procedures through which the Monitoring and Data Entry System generates the specified quality-check indicators, after checking the consistency of the data.

IV. Exporting the Database in a Stata or SPSS format

The microdata is generated in either a Stata or SPSS format.

Response rate
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The rate of non-response of the small and medium agricultural holdings was 0.5%
The non-response rate of small and medium agricultural holdings in the coastal region was 1.0%
The non-response rate of small and medium agricultural holdings in the mountainous region was 0.4%
The non-response rate of small and medium agricultural holdings in the jungle region was 0.6%

An agricultural holding is considered to have non-response if the final response of the interview is: rejection, absent and inactive, or as not having information relevant to the study. 0.2% of holdings had a rejection 0.3% were absent, and 3.5% did not have any agricultural activity.

摘要
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2018年全国农业调查的根本目的在于提供统计信息，以实现对小型、中型和大型农业经营体的描绘。调查信息亦有助于构建指标，以促进对经济和财政部门在公共部门实施的成果预算框架内各种预算计划进行监测和评估，从而有助于设计并引导旨在提高农业生产者生活水平的公共政策。

2018年全国农业调查的具体目标包括：
- 确定执行适当农业和畜牧业实践的农业生产者比例。
- 收集执行适当种植方向的农业生产者的信息。
- 确定在过去三年内进行土壤分析并接受技术援助以实施分析结果的农业生产者比例。
- 确定在过去三年内接受关于牧场安装和管理的技术援助并已实施的农业生产者比例。
- 确定在过去三年内接受牧场安装和管理培训的农业生产者比例。
- 获得应用技术灌溉的农业生产者比例。
- 估计具有技术灌溉的农业面积。
- 确定了解农业食品安全问题的农业生产者比例。
- 获得基准数据，以衡量小生产者销售收入毛利润百分比的增加。
- 确定组织和管理的组织业务的农业生产者比例。
- 获得基准数据，以衡量小自给农业生产者销售收入价值的百分比增加。
- 获得有储存基础设施和市场设备访问权限的小型组织农业生产者的比例。

地理覆盖范围
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农业经营体

分析单元
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农业经营体

总体
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调查覆盖了国内所有小于50公顷的农业经营体，以及农业或农业企业、企业和大生产者（特殊层）。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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抽样框架由2012年全国农业普查中的统计信息构成。

2018年全国农业调查的最终样本由30,806个农业经营体组成，其中29,218个位于2,086个选定的集团中，为小型和中型生产者。

针对小型和中型农业经营体的全国农业调查样本包括两种抽样类型：
- 面板样本：由2016年、2017年被访谈并在2018年再次被访谈的农业经营体组成。
- 非面板样本：由2018年首次被访谈的农业经营体组成。

针对大型农业经营体（企业和大生产者）的全国农业调查样本分为层类型和样本类型。

层类型：
- 企业
- 自然人（大生产者）
- 家禽养殖场
- 农场和马厩（养猪场、豚鼠养殖场、奶牛舍或肉牛育肥中心）

样本类型：
- 人口普查：由2014年、2015年、2016年和2017年被访谈并在2018年再次被访谈的农业经营体组成。
- 样本：2014年、2015年、2016年或2017年被访谈的农业经营体，其他单位将在2018年首次被访谈。

抽样偏差
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计划样本中的所有农业经营体均接受了访谈。

样本中的无活动农业经营体：在28,119个具有完整或不完整问卷的农业经营体中，有1,021个对应于没有任何农业活动的农业经营体，27,098个农业单位在过去12个月内进行了某些农业、畜牧业或农业活动。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

数据清洗操作
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目标

I. 总体目标

确保从 ENA 获得的信息数据清洗过程的质量和一致性。

II. 具体目标

- 制定不同项目区域的程序和工作流程。
- 开发支持项目活动适当执行的系统。
- 保证项目现场操作收集信息的完整性和一致性。
- 确保数字形式数据结构的致性，以确保农业经营体的正确数字化。

策略

- 实施包含不同流程模块的监控和数据录入系统，为各种项目任务提供支持。
- 利用网络技术，使任何有互联网连接的地方都能访问“ENA 2018集成系统”监控系统。
- 在每个运营总部应用分散的数据录入和处理系统。

任务

I. 开发ENA 2018数据录入系统

开发了一个综合系统来支持项目，该系统包含以下模块：
- 平板覆盖模块
- 分割模块
- 监控模块
- 数据传输模块（导出）
- 基本一致性模块
- 指标计算模块
- 报告模块

II. 信息分析

此任务包括评估、识别和修复数据集中变量中的错误和缺失值。此任务由国家监督员负责，并由总部数据处理和方法团队监督。

III. 开发和分析质量检查指标

这项任务涉及通过检查数据的一致性，开发生成指定质量检查指标的方法规则和程序。

IV. 导出数据库为Stata或SPSS格式

微观数据以Stata或SPSS格式生成。

响应率
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小型和中型农业经营体的非响应率为0.5%。
沿海地区小型和中型农业经营体的非响应率为1.0%。
山区小型和中型农业经营体的非响应率为0.4%。
丛林地区小型和中型农业经营体的非响应率为0.6%。

如果访谈的最终响应为拒绝、缺席和不活跃，或者没有与本研究相关的信息，则认为农业经营体具有非响应。0.2%的农业经营体被拒绝，0.3%缺席，3.5%没有进行任何农业活动。