Data from: Does urbanization promote floral diversification? Implications from changes in herkogamy with pollinator availability in an urban-rural area

Although land-use changes such as urbanization have dramatically altered
plant-pollinator interactions, little is known about their effects on
pollen limitation and floral traits. In this study, we examined pollinator
visit frequency, reproductive success, and floral trait measurements in 12
populations of the annual andromonoecious Commelina communis in an
urban-rural area. Pollinator and mate availability decreased significantly
with developed land area around the study site. Most urbanized populations
suffered from significant pollinator-limited male and/or female
reproductive success. High fruit set in urbanized populations may suggest
the presence of high reproductive assurance by selfing. The stigma height
and degree of herkogamy significantly decreased with increased pollinator
limitation. Petal length, anther height, and/or the pollen:ovule ratio
tended to be low in pollinator- and mate-limited urban populations. One
urban population with high pollinator availability had flowers with higher
herkogamy and stigma height compared to rural populations. These results
suggest that urbanization may provide diverse selective forces that could
affect the phenotypic variation in floral traits.