METAPHORS AND SIMILES IN UZBEK SOIL SCIENCE TERMINOLOGY: A COGNITIVE-LINGUOCULTURAL ANALYSIS

The article examines metaphorical and simile-based terms of Uzbek soil science terminology from a cognitive-linguocultural perspective. The role of terminological metaphor in the formation and transmission of scientific knowledge is substantiated, and the conceptual metaphors underlying soil science terms are identified: SOIL IS A LIVING ORGANISM, SOIL IS A MOTHER, SOIL IS A LAYERED STRUCTURE, SOIL IS A COVER, SOIL IS MEMORY, SOIL IS WEALTH. Simile-based terms denoting structure, colour and texture are analysed (donador “granular”, yong‘oqsimon “nutty”, prizmasimon “prismatic”, plitasimon “platy”, bo‘z tuproq “serozem, grey soil”, soz tuproq “clay soil”). According to their origin, metaphorical terms are divided into “calque metaphors” and “national-cultural metaphors”, and the connection of the latter group with the gustatory, textile, bodily and household codes of Uzbek culture is revealed.