The original and Japanese versions of the Survey of Perceived Supervisor Support

This supplemental table contains the original English items and the corresponding Japanese translations of the Survey of Perceived Supervisor Support (SPSS-J). The SPSS-J consists of two subscales: Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (SPA), which measures positive perceptions of supervisor support, and Non-supportive Supervisor Behaviors (MNA), which measures negative perceptions (reverse-coded items). Each item was rated on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (“Strongly disagree”) to 6 (“Strongly agree”).