Dataset of extreme event hazards in the Belt and Road Region from 2021 to 2050 under RCP 8.5

The frequency of occurrence for three types of extreme events—heatwaves, droughts, and floods—is calculated using the Heatwave Index (HI), the Composite Meteorological Drought Index (CI), and the Flood Index (FI, defined as the number of instances where maximum 3-day precipitation reaches a specified threshold). Standardization is then applied to derive the hazard levels associated with these extreme events.