Table_1_Colletotrichum Spp. Diversity Between Leaf Anthracnose and Crown Rot From the Same Strawberry Plant.DOCX

Leaf anthracnose (LA) and anthracnose crown rot (ACR) represent serious fungal diseases that pose significant threats to strawberry production. To characterize the pathogen diversity associated with above diseases, 100 strawberry plants, including varieties of “Hongjia,” “Zhangji,” and “Tianxianzui,” were sampled from Jiande and Zhoushan, the primary plantation regions of Zhejiang province, China. A total of 309 Colletotrichum isolates were isolated from crown (150 isolates) and leaves (159 isolates) of affected samples. Among these, 100 isolates obtained from the plants showing both LA and CR symptoms were selected randomly for further characterization. Based on the morphological observations combined with phylogenetic analysis of multiple genes (ACT, ITS, CAL, GAPDH, and CHS), all the 100 tested isolates were identified as C. gloeosporioides species complex, including 91 isolates of C. siamense, 8 isolates of C. fructicola causing both LA and ACR, and one isolate of C. aenigma causing ACR. The phenotypic characteristics of these isolated species were investigated using the BIOLOG phenotype MicroArray (PM) and a total of 950 different metabolic phenotype were tested, showing the characteristics among these isolates and providing the theoretical basis for pathogenic biochemistry and metabolism. The pathogenicity tests showed that even the same Colletotrichum species isolated from different diseased tissues (leaves or crowns) had significantly different pathogenicity toward strawberry leaves and crown. C. siamense isolated from diseased leaves (CSLA) was more aggressive than C. siamense isolated from rotted crown (CSCR) during the infection on “Zhangji” leaves. Additionally, C. fructicola isolated from affected leaf (CFLA) caused more severe symptoms on the leaves of four strawberry varieties compared to C. fructicola isolated from diseased crown (CFCR). For crown rot, the pathogenicity of CSCR was higher than that of CSLA.

叶黑斑病（LA）和黑斑病冠腐病（ACR）系严重真菌病害，对草莓生产构成重大威胁。为表征与上述疾病相关的病原体多样性，从浙江省主要种植区婺德和舟山采集了100株草莓植株，其中包括“红嘉”、“章家”和“天仙醉”等品种。从受影响的植株的冠部（150株分离物）和叶片（159株分离物）中分离出总计309株毛壳菌属分离物。在这些分离物中，随机选取了表现出叶黑斑病和冠腐病症状的植株中获得的100株分离物进行进一步鉴定。基于形态学观察以及多个基因（ACT、ITS、CAL、GAPDH和CHS）的系统发育分析，所有100株测试分离物均被鉴定为C. gloeosporioides物种复合群，包括91株C. siamense分离物、8株引起叶黑斑病和冠腐病的C. fructicola分离物以及1株引起冠腐病的C. aenigma分离物。通过BIOLOG表型微阵列（PM）对这些分离物种的表型特征进行了研究，共测试了950种不同的代谢表型，揭示了这些分离物之间的特征，并为病原体生化与代谢的理论基础提供了依据。致病性试验表明，即使是来自不同病变组织（叶片或冠部）的同一种Colletotrichum分离物，对草莓叶片和冠部的致病性也存在显著差异。从病变叶片中分离出的C. siamense（CSLA）在“章家”叶片上的侵染中比从腐烂冠部中分离出的C. siamense（CSCR）更具侵袭性。此外，从受影响叶片中分离出的C. fructicola（CFLA）比从病变冠部中分离出的C. fructicola（CFCR）对四种草莓品种的叶片引起的症状更为严重。对于冠腐病而言，CSCR的致病性高于CSLA。