<b>The positive effect of Tree Species Richness on Soil Carbon Stocks depends on Forest type</b>

This dataset explores how tree‐species diversity and forest type shape soil carbon storage across different depth layers in subtropical forests. It includes measurements from five forest types—bamboo forest, coniferous forest, deciduous broadleaf forest, evergreen broadleaf forest, and mixed forest—and captures key biotic and abiotic variables: tree species diversity indices; aboveground and belowground biomass; litter quantity and quality (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations); and soil physicochemical properties (bulk density, moisture content, and soil carbon and nitrogen concentrations) at different depths.