Netherlands National Monitoring of Organic Micropollutants in the Ems-Dollard Region (1972-)

MON*CHEMIE is a part of the Monitoring programme of the National Water Systems (in Dutch : Monitoring Waterstaatkundige Toestand des Lands; MWTL) The primary goal of the MWTL programme is to provide physical, chemical and biological information in relation to long term developments. So the focal point for the monitoring programme is based on trend detection. Another aim is to check the compliance to national and international assessment criteria. The Dutch marine and brackish waters are dived into areas. In field GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE the area is mentioned. In MON*CHEMIE chemical parameters are determined in surface water, suspended matter, sediment and biota. The starting date mentioned is not necessarily the same for every parameter or location, this can differ from one parameter or location to another. Depending on the parameter and the location most samples are collected on a weekly, monthly or 3 monthly base. The given date is the first year data is available of one or more locations. During the given period more or less locations can be sampled due to changes in the national monitoring programme. Sampling and analysing the samples are carried out by Standard Operating Procedures (SOP's). Due to human activities organic parameters are traced in ecosystems. Measuring an organic parameter in a certain ecosystem depends on the solubility of that particular parameter. If the solubility of an organic parameter is good (big) measurements are carried out in water. Otherwise measurements are done in suspended matter or in sediment. Sediment or suspended matter absorbs organic parameters that dissolve badly in water for a long time. Organic parameters that dissolve and /or accumulate in fat are measured in biota. Water: The following parameters can be measured: pesticides and bromated flame retardants. The programme for pesticides started in 1972. The programme for bromated flame retardants started in 2007. The organiotins-programme was carried out in marine harbours and started in 1990 and ended in 2004. The samples are taken by diving pump. Suspended matter: The following parameters can be measured: PAHs, PCBs, HCB and organotins .The programme started in 1989. The programme for Monophenyltin, Diphenyltin, Triphenyltin started in 1998. The samples are taken by centrifuge. Sediment: The following parameters can be measured: PAHs, PCBs, HCB and organotins. The samples are sift and analyses are carried out in grainsize <63 um. The programme started in 1998. The samples are taken by boxcorer. Biota: The programme of analysing mussels started in 1985. A large number of specimens are collected and pooled samples of 5 length classes are analysed. The following analysis can be carried out: Mussel soft body: PCBs, PAHs, Lindane, Pesticides. Analyses in flounder started in 1986. For flounder 25 specimens are collected (divided over 5 classes). The following analyses are carried out: Flounder liver; PCBs, HCB, Cd and Hg. For the actual planning: www.waterplan.nl

MON*CHEMIE系国家水利系统监测计划（荷兰语：Monitoring Waterstaatkundige Toestand des Lands，简称MWTL）的一部分。MWTL计划的核心目标在于提供关于长期发展趋势的物理、化学及生物学信息。因此，监测计划的焦点在于趋势的探测。此外，该计划还旨在检验是否符合国家及国际评估标准。荷兰的海域及盐水域被划分为若干区域。在实地地理覆盖范围内，具体区域被明确指出。在MON*CHEMIE项目中，对地表水、悬浮物质、沉积物及生物群落中的化学参数进行测定。所提及的起始日期并不一定适用于所有参数或地点，这可能会因参数或地点的不同而有所差异。根据参数和地点的不同，大多数样本的采集频率为每周、每月或每三个月一次。所提供的日期为首次在某一个或多个地点获得数据的年份。在指定期间，由于国家监测计划的变动，采样地点可能会有所增减。采样及样本分析均按照标准操作程序（SOP）进行。由于人类活动，生态系统中的有机参数被追踪。测定某一特定生态系统的有机参数取决于该参数的溶解性。若有机参数的溶解性好（即溶解度大），则测量在水中进行；否则，测量则在悬浮物质或沉积物中进行。沉积物或悬浮物质会吸收长时间不易溶解于水的有机参数。在生物群落中，测量溶解并/或积累在脂肪中的有机参数。水：可测量的参数包括农药和溴化阻燃剂。农药计划始于1972年，溴化阻燃剂计划始于2007年。有机锡计划在海洋港口实施，始于1990年，结束于2004年。样本通过潜水泵采集。悬浮物质：可测量的参数包括多环芳烃、多氯联苯、六溴环十二烷和有机锡。该计划始于1989年，单苯基锡、二苯基锡、三苯基锡计划始于1998年。样本通过离心机采集。沉积物：可测量的参数包括多环芳烃、多氯联苯、六溴环十二烷和有机锡。样本经过筛选，分析在粒径小于63微米的颗粒上进行。该计划始于1998年，样本通过采集器采集。生物群落：分析贻贝的计划始于1985年。收集了大量样本，并对5个长度级别的混合样本进行分析。可进行的分析包括：贻贝软体部分：多氯联苯、多环芳烃、林丹、农药。对比目鱼的分析始于1986年。对比目鱼，收集了25个样本（分为5个类别）。可进行的分析包括：比目鱼肝脏；多氯联苯、六溴环十二烷、镉和汞。具体规划请访问：www.waterplan.nl