“You have to stay in your house…because trouble can come”: The impact of education, policy, and COVID-19 on menstruation experiences in Florence, Italy

<p>The research study conducted by Dr. Andrea DeMaria as part of her research-based summer study abroad program in Florence, Italy aimed to understand menstruation experiences among women living in Italy, from menarche through menopause. Data were collected through in-person interviews that were audio recorded, along with a brief demographic questionnaire completed by participants. Researchers conducted 28 in-depth, semi-structured interviews (May – June 2022) with English-speaking women aged 25 – 60 living in or near Florence, Italy, who had experienced menstruation and for some menopause.  This study aimed to understand how menarche and menstruation impact the multidimensional aspects of women’s lives, including how they feel about their bodies. A secondary purpose was to understand menstruation education, policies, and the impacts of COVID-19.</p>

<p>External and internal influences such as family members, friends, and psychological/physical changes left women with negative feelings surrounding themselves and their bodies during menstruation. Participants revealed cultural and social factors as additional influences on behaviors and attitudes towards menstruation and self-image. A negative view of their genitals changed hygiene and pubic hair removal practices during menstruation. Participants discussed below-satisfactory educational journeys, wide ranges of educators, and difficulties accessing products. However, enthusiasm toward menstrual leave policies following the COVID-19 pandemic was noted.</p>

<p>Findings highlight menstruation's impacts on overall health and well-being, including behaviors and feelings. Information from this study can provide insight into helpful ways to holistically discuss menstruation to improve menses experiences among women living in Italy. Revamped menstruation education and policies can enhance menstrual health worldwide and deserve consideration.</p>