Integrated pollutant removal and energy harvest: optimizing vanadium (V) wastewater treatment using CW-MFC technology

Vanadium(V)-contaminated wastewater poses severe risks to human health and aquatic ecosystem stability due to its high toxicity. In this study, constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) were employed to treat V(V)-laden wastewater. The influences of carbon source type, influent COD concentration, initial V(V) concentration, and aquatic plant species on pollutant removal and bioelectricity generation were investigated.