DISTANCE MEASUREMENT DEVICE USING AN ULTRASONIC SENSOR

This article analyzes non-contact distance measurement technologies used in robotics and automated systems in the context of modern technological development. In particular, the working principle of ultrasonic sensors, their advantages, and a comparative analysis with other distance measurement methods (mechanical, optical, and laser) are presented. The affordability, accuracy, and independence from external lighting conditions of ultrasonic technology are justified as factors that increase its practical significance.

The article develops a model of a distance-measuring device based on an Arduino microcontroller and an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves, the processes of signal transmission and reception, and the mechanism of converting them into digital data are analyzed. The electronic circuit of the device is designed, a control program for the microcontroller is written, and the system is tested in practice.

As a result, it is determined that the developed device is capable of measuring distances from 2 cm to 400 cm with high accuracy. The proposed solution is significant due to its potential effective application in smart home systems and autonomous robotic devices.