Regenerative Teeth Induced by in vitro Mesenchymal Cells in Mice via Repressing BMP4 and activating Retinoic Acid/Osteopontin

Odontogenic mesenchymal cells are the key seeds for tooth regeneration. However, in vitro maintenance of odontogenic mesenchymal cells has not been systematically assessed. In this study, a novel culture system containing N2 and B27 has been established in mice. The odontogenic potential of mesenchymal cells has been retained from 24 h to at least 14 days with passaging. Collectively, our study show the feasibility of in vitro tooth formation for tooth loss in a preclinical context, which suggests the therapeutic potential of odontogenic mesenchymal cells in clinic.