Systemic sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) induced mild allergic dermatitis when compared to additional topical OVA applications.

e.c., epicutaneous; i.p., intraperitoneal; OVA, ovalbumin; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; Th, T-helper cell.
Data are indicated as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance (p) was tested using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test.
*p<0.05,
**p<0.01,
***p<0.001, versus PBS i.p.;
#p<0.05,
##p<0.01, and ###p<0.001, versus OVA i.p.
1Positively stained cells were counted in six fields per section of n = 5 (IHC-staining) or n = 8 animals (Giemsa-staining), respectively, and expressed as cells per mm2.
2Determined in Giemsa-stained skin sections.
3Determined in IHC-stained skin sections.
4Cytokine levels in sera were determined as triplicate measurements of n = 4 mice per group using Quantikine mouse immunoassay kits. Data are indicated as pg/ml.