Number of individuals with depression diagnosed in Spain in 2020, by gender and age

Depression is one of the most common mental health problems worldwide. In 2020, around 628.8 thousand men and 1,479.7 thousand women were diagnosed with depression in Spain, which represents a share of around 3.2 and 7.2 percent, respectively. The real prevalence, however, is expected to be higher, as many people that suffer from depression have not been diagnosed by a doctor.Mental health treatment: medicationMental health treatment commonly involves psychological counseling, medication, or a combination of the two. In Spain, 3.5 percent of the population consumed antidepressants or stimulants, while 12.7 percent used tranquilizers or sleeping medication as of 2020. As with the prevalence of mental disorders, the consumption of these pharmaceuticals is significantly higher in women than in men and increases with age. For instance, 11.1 percent of women over the age of 65 used antidepressants or stimulants in Spain, while 3.6 of men of the same age consumed that type of medication.Mental health treatment: counselingIn 2020, around 4.8 percent of the Spanish population had consulted a psychologist, psychotherapist, or psychiatrist. There are still stigma and economic barriers that prevent access to psychological treatment. Although psychological counseling is available free of charge in the National Health System, the reality is that there are not enough resources to provide adequate treatment to everyone who needs it. The number of registered clinical psychologists, accounting for both the public and private sector, amounted to approximately 33.2 thousand in 2019.

抑郁症是全球范围内最常见的心理健康问题之一。2020年，西班牙约有62.88万男性及147.97万女性被诊断为抑郁症，分别占全国总人口的3.2%和7.2%。然而，实际的患病率预计会更高，因为许多患有抑郁症的人尚未接受医生的诊断。心理健康治疗：药物治疗心理健康治疗通常包括心理咨询服务、药物治疗或两者的结合。截至2020年，西班牙约有3.5%的人口服用抗抑郁药或兴奋剂，而12.7%的人使用镇静剂或安眠药。与心理健康疾病的患病率相似，这些药物的使用在女性中远高于男性，且随着年龄的增长而增加。例如，在西班牙，65岁以上的女性中有11.1%的人使用了抗抑郁药或兴奋剂，而同龄的男性中有3.6%的人使用了此类药物。心理健康治疗：心理咨询服务2020年，大约有4.8%的西班牙人口咨询过心理学家、心理治疗师或精神科医生。尽管国家卫生体系中心理咨询服务免费，但仍存在歧视和经济障碍，阻碍了人们对心理治疗的获取。截至2019年，无论是公立还是私营部门，注册的临床心理学家数量约为33.2千人。