Data_Sheet_1_Investigation and Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Fusarium Seedling Blight Resistance in Chinese Elite Wheat Lines.docx

Fusarium seedling blight (FSB) is an important disease of wheat occurring as part of the Fusarium disease complex consisting also of Fusarium head blight (FHB). 240 Chinese elite cultivars and lines were evaluated in greenhouse experiments for FSB resistance and genotyped using the wheat 90 K single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. Among them, 23 accessions had an average lesion length of less than 0.6 cm, exhibiting potential for breeding for FSB resistance in wheat. Jingfumai 1 and Yangmai 11 had a relatively high resistance to both FSB and FHB simultaneously. Six relatively stable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected on chromosome arms 1DL, 3AS, 3BL, 6BL, 7AL, and Un using the mixed linear model approach, interpreting 4.83–7.53% of phenotypic variation. There was a negative correlation between the average FSB lesion length and the BLUE FHB index with a low coefficient, and resistance to both diseases appeared to be conferred by different QTLs across the same population. Four KASP markers were detected on 1DL, 3AS, 3BL, and 6BL in QTLs to facilitate marker-assisted selection. Combined with transcriptome data analysis, eight defense-related genes were considered as candidates for mapping QTLs. The resistant elite germplasm, mapped QTLs, and KASP markers developed in this study are useful resources for enhancing Fusarium seedling blight in wheat breeding.

麦类作物上的 Fusarium 种子苗萎蔫病（FSB）是构成 Fusarium 病害复合体的重要组成部分，其中亦包括 Fusarium 花梗腐烂病（FHB）。在温室实验中，对 240 个中国顶级品种和系进行了 FSB 抗病性评估，并利用小麦 90 K 单核苷酸多态性芯片进行基因分型。其中，23 个样本的平均病斑长度小于 0.6 厘米，展现出在小麦育种中培育 FSB 抗病性的潜力。 Jingfumai 1 和 Yangmai 11 对 FSB 和 FHB 同时表现出较高的抗性。通过混合线性模型方法在 1DL、3AS、3BL、6BL 和 Un 染色体臂上检测到六个相对稳定的数量性状位点（QTLs），解释了 4.83–7.53% 的表型变异。平均 FSB 病斑长度与 BLUE FHB 指数之间存在负相关性，相关系数较低，且在同一群体中，对两种病害的抗性似乎由不同的 QTLs 共同决定。在 1DL、3AS、3BL 和 6BL 的 QTLs 上检测到四个 KASP 标记，以促进标记辅助选择。结合转录组数据分析，考虑了八个与防御相关的基因作为 QTLs 定位的候选基因。本研究中开发的抗病性顶级种质、定位的 QTLs 和 KASP 标记是增强小麦 Fusarium 种子苗萎蔫病育种的有用资源。