Using instructor-developed study resources to increase evidence-based learning strategies among medical students: A mixed-methods study

Applying effective learning strategies to address knowledge gaps is a critical skill for lifelong learning, yet prior studies demonstrate that medical students use ineffective study habits. To address this issue, the authors created and integrated study resources aligned with evidence-based learning strategies into a medical school course. Pre-/post-course surveys measured changes in students’ knowledge and use of evidence-based learning strategies. Eleven in-depth interviews subsequently explored the impact of the learning resources on students’ study habits. Of 139 students, 43 and 66 completed the pre- and post-course surveys, respectively. Students’ knowledge of evidence-based learning strategies was unchanged; however, median time spent using flashcards (15% to 50%, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) and questions (10% to 20%, <i>p</i> = .0067) increased while time spent creating lecture notes (20% to 0%, <i>p</i> = .003) and re-reading notes (10% to 0%, <i>p</i> = .009) decreased. In interviews, students described four ways their habits changed: increased use of active learning techniques, decreased time spent <i>creating</i> learning resources, reviewing content multiple times throughout the course, and increased use of study techniques synthesizing course content. Incorporating evidence-based study resources into the course increased students’ use of effective learning techniques, suggesting this may be more effective than simply teaching about evidence-based learning.