PREVALENCE AND PROGNOSIS OF ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS IN PRETERM NEONATES(ABOUT 255 CASES)

The objective of this study was to describe electrolyte disorders in preterm newborns and to analyze morbidity and mortality factors in newborns with hydroelectrolyte disorders. Over a 1-year period, 255 cases of premature newborns were collected. The age of the premature babies ranged from 25 to 36 weeks amenorrhea, with a mean of 32.2 SA ±3.2. The average weight of premature infants was 1912g +/- 617g, ranging from 700g to 4000g. The prevalence of electrolyte disorders in our study was 41.5% (106 cases), the most frequent being hypocalcemia in 59 cases (23.1%), hyponatremia in 21 cases (8.2%), hyperkalemia in 19 cases (7.4%), hyperchloremia in 12 cases (4.7%), hypernatremia in 9 cases (3.3%) and renal failure in 53 cases (20.7%). The electrolyte disorder was isolated in 94 cases (36.8%), two disorders were associated in 58 cases (22.7%) and at least three disorders were associated in 43 cases (16.8%). In terms of evolution, 61 cases of death (23.9%) were recorded, and the mortality rate of patients with electrolyte disorders was 62.3%, mainly due to hypocalcemia and hyponatremia respectively (in 40% and 25.8% of cases of death).