IITM印度降水观测资料

该数据由印度热带气象研究所（Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology，IITM）提供，共4部分数据：① 仪器观测印度降水序列（Longest Instrumental Rainfall Series of the Indian Regions）是1813—2006年的7个类似区（北部山区/西北/中部以北/东北/西印度半岛/东印度半岛/南印度半岛）以及整个印度区域平均的月、季、年的时间序列，资料来源为经过严格质量控制的316个台站观测，在1901—2006年时间段，所有台站资料都得到使用，区域平均为简单的算术平均，1901年以前的观测资料较少，所以其时间序列采用了经理论证实的客观方法（Holocene, 2008，ftp://www.tropmet.res.in/pub/data/rain-series/rainfall-data-tables. Pdf）。② 印度同类型区域月平均降水数据集（Homogeneous Indian Monthly Rainfall Data Sets），时间序列长度为1871—2010年，具有很大的时空跨度。该数据为印度热带气象研究所的研究基础，其主要数据源为本研究所的仪器观测记录。③ 印度气温类似区区域平均的月气温数据集（Homogeneous Indian Monthly Surface Temperature Data Sets），时间序列长度为1901—2003年。根据月平均气温的类似性将印度划分为7个区：喜马拉雅西部（Western Himalaya，WH）、西北（Northwest，NW）、中部以北（North Central，NC）、东北（Northeast，NE）、西部沿海（West Coast，WC）、东部沿海（East Coast，EC）、内陆半岛（Interior Peninsula，IP）。涉及121个台站的观测数据。其他情况类似于②。④ 降水变化图集（Atlas of Rainfall Variations）。这部分以ppt的形式给出，是在“十九世纪和二十世纪印度区域湿度和降水空间变化图集”计划的支持下完成的，包括4部分：1871—2003年印度降水分布特点、1813—2003年不同区降水长时间序列、1813—2003年印度主要和次要河流流域降水序列、1813—2003年按照地理划分（physiographic divisions）以及按照印度行政区划分的区域平均降水时间序列。
时段
● Longest Instrumental Rainfall Series of the Indian Regions：1813—2006年
● Homogeneous Indian Monthly Rainfall Data Sets：1871—2010年
● Homogeneous Indian Monthly Surface Temperature Data Sets：1901—2003年

This dataset is provided by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), consisting of 4 components:
1. Longest Instrumental Rainfall Series of the Indian Regions: This dataset contains monthly, seasonal and annual time series for 7 homogeneous regions (Northern Mountains, Northwest, North Central, Northeast, Western Indian Peninsula, Eastern Indian Peninsula, Southern Indian Peninsula) as well as the all-India regional average, spanning 1813–2006. The data is sourced from 316 rigorously quality-controlled meteorological station observations. For the period 1901–2006, data from all stations were utilized, and the regional average was calculated via simple arithmetic mean. Given the scarcity of observational data prior to 1901, the pre-1901 time series was derived using a theoretically validated objective method (Holocene, 2008, ftp://www.tropmet.res.in/pub/data/rain-series/rainfall-data-tables.pdf).
2. Homogeneous Indian Monthly Rainfall Data Sets: This dataset has a temporal coverage of 1871–2010, boasting large spatiotemporal scale. It serves as the core research dataset of IITM, with its primary data source being the institute's own instrumental observation records.
3. Homogeneous Indian Monthly Surface Temperature Data Sets: This dataset spans 1901–2003. India is divided into 7 regions based on the homogeneity of monthly average surface temperatures: Western Himalaya (WH), Northwest (NW), North Central (NC), Northeast (NE), West Coast (WC), East Coast (EC) and Interior Peninsula (IP). It incorporates observational data from 121 meteorological stations. Other details are consistent with those of Component 2.
4. Atlas of Rainfall Variations: This component is provided in PPT format, completed under the support of the project "Atlas of Spatial Variations of Humidity and Precipitation over India in the 19th and 20th Centuries". It includes 4 subsections:
- Precipitation distribution characteristics over India during 1871–2003
- Long-term precipitation time series for each region in India during 1813–2003
- Precipitation time series for major and minor river basins in India during 1813–2003
- Regional average precipitation time series divided by physiographic divisions and Indian administrative divisions during 1813–2003

Time Spans
● Longest Instrumental Rainfall Series of the Indian Regions: 1813–2006
● Homogeneous Indian Monthly Rainfall Data Sets: 1871–2010
● Homogeneous Indian Monthly Surface Temperature Data Sets: 1901–2003

AI搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集由印度热带气象研究所提供，包含1813年至2010年的长期历史观测资料，涵盖印度多个区域的降水和气温数据。其特点包括基于数百个台站的严格质量控制、月季年时间分辨率，以及文本格式的存储，适用于气候研究和分析。