DataSheet_1_Lipidomic insights into the immune response and pearl formation in transplanted pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii.docx

During pearl culture, the excess immune responses may induce nucleus rejection and death of pearl oysters after transplantation. To better understand the immune response and pearl formation, lipidomic analysis was applied to investigate changes in the serum lipid profile of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii following transplantation. In total, 296 lipid species were identified by absolute quantitation. During wound healing, the content of TG and DG initially increased and then decreased after 3 days of transplantation with no significant differences, while the level of C22:6 decreased significantly on days 1 and 3. In the early stages of transplantation, sphingosine was upregulated, whereas PC and PUFAs were downregulated in transplanted pearl oyster. PI was upregulated during pearl sac development stages. GP and LC-PUFA levels were upregulated during pearl formation stage. In order to identify enriched metabolic pathways, pathway enrichment analysis was conducted. Five metabolic pathways were found significantly enriched, namely glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism. Herein, results suggested that the lipids involved in immune response, pearl sac maturation, and pearl formation in the host pearl oyster after transplantation, which might lead to an improvement in the survival rate and pearl quality of transplanted pearl oyster.

在珍珠养殖过程中，过度的免疫反应可能引发移植后珍珠贝的核排斥及死亡。为了更深入地理解免疫反应与珍珠形成机制，本研究采用脂质组学分析方法，对移植后珍珠贝 Pinctada fucata martensii 的血清脂质谱变化进行了探究。通过绝对定量分析，共鉴定出296种脂质种类。在伤口愈合过程中，三酰甘油（TG）和二酰甘油（DG）的含量在移植后3天内先升高后降低，并无显著差异，而C22:6在移植后的第1天和第3天显著下降。在移植早期阶段，鞘氨醇（sphingosine）表达上调，而磷脂（PC）和长链多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）在移植的珍珠贝中表达下调。在珍珠囊发育阶段，PI表达上调，而在珍珠形成阶段，甘油磷脂（GP）和长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA）水平上调。为识别富集的代谢途径，本研究进行了通路富集分析，发现五个代谢途径显著富集，分别是糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚生物合成、甘油磷脂代谢、α-亚麻酸代谢、亚油酸代谢和花生四烯酸代谢。本研究结果表明，参与移植后宿主珍珠贝免疫反应、珍珠囊成熟和珍珠形成的脂质可能有助于提高移植珍珠贝的存活率和珍珠品质。