Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of 498 study participants at ART initiation.

*All 8 cryptococcosis patients were receiving oral fluconazole maintenance treatment at ART initiation following induction therapy with amphotericin B (n = 5) or high-dose fluconazole (n = 3).**Sites of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS): oral (n = 4), cutaneous (n = 2), or both (n = 1). Only one patient had received KS-specific chemotherapy.***8 (19.5%) of 41 serum CrAg positive patients identified from retrospective testing of baseline samples had a prior history of cryptococcal disease. The remainder were asymptomatic at baseline, of whom 2 (6.1%) developed unmasking cryptococcal IRIS.****Defined as the presence ≥2 of the following symptoms for ≥2 weeks: cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss.ART: anti-retroviral therapy; CrAg: cryptococcal antigen; RPR: rapid plasma reagin; TB: tuberculosis; TPHA: Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay.