Major and minor gene rearrangement in mitogenomes of tachinid flies and phylogenetic implications for Tachinidae (Diptera: Calyptratae)

The well-known parasitoid fly family Tachinidae is one of the most speciose families with over 8500 described species which play an important role in regulating pest populations in ecosystems. Prior to this study, there is limited complete mitochondrial genomes from these extraordinarily diverse species. To better comprehend the genome characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of the Tachinidae, here we present the sequences for the mitochondrial genomes of 137 tachinid species and proform primary mitogenomic analysis. Major and minor gene rearrangement were firstly found in tachinid flies. We propose a species level phylogenetic hypothsis for the Tachinidae based on an extensive mitochondrial genomes for 5 nontachinid outgroups and 137 new sequencing species representing all commonly accepted 4 subfamilies in the Tachinidae. Our analyses support the monophyly of the Tachinidae and demonstrating that the phylogenetic relationships within these four subfamilies are (Tachininae + ( Exoristinae + ( Dexiinae + Phasiinae) )).