Efficacy of fungicides to control lentil blight disease caused by <i>Stemphyilium beticola</i> and <i>Alternaria alternata</i> in Iran through multi-locational field trials, <i>in-vitro</i> and glasshouse studies

Lentil is the second most important pulse crop in Iran’s rainfed and dryland areas. In 2015, a severe blight disease was observed on the crop in the main lentil-producing regions of the country, leading to complete defoliation and a yield loss of over 80%. Studies using morphological and molecular approaches identified the disease agents as <i>Stemphylium beticola</i> and <i>Alternaria alternata</i>. To determine appropriate fungicides, a research study was conducted from 2018 to 2021 in the field conditions of Moghan and Gachsaran provinces located in the hot spots of the North-West and South-West of the country, respectively. Five fungicides were tested in two concentrations each, including Iprodione + Carbendazim 52.5% WP at 0.75 and 1.0 kg/ha, Propiconazole 25% EC at 0.75 and 1.0 L/ha, Signum 33.4% WG at 0.75 and 1.0 g/ha, Mancozeb 80% WP at 1.0 and 1.5 kg/ha and Chlorothalonil 75% WP at 1.5 and 2.0 kg/ha. The experiment was also repeated in the glasshouse with the same concentrations and <i>in vitro</i> using agar-dilution method with 0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 ppm of fungicidal concentrations. Results showed that Signum^® was the most effective chemical compound for disease control. However, based on economic analysis, Mancozeb and Chlorothalonil at a concentration of 1.5 kg/ha are recommended for disease control in the hot spots, respectively.小扁豆（Lentil）是伊朗雨养旱地地区第二大重要食用豆类作物。2015年，该国主要小扁豆产区暴发严重枯萎病，导致作物完全落叶，产量损失超80%。研究人员通过形态学与分子生物学手段鉴定，该病害的致病原为甜菜生匍柄霉（Stemphylium beticola）与链格孢菌（Alternaria alternata）。为筛选适配的防控杀菌剂，2018年至2021年间，研究团队分别在位于伊朗西北、西南病害高发区的莫甘省（Moghan）与加恰萨兰省（Gachsaran）的田间开展试验。共测试5种杀菌剂，每种设置2个施用浓度：异菌脲·多菌灵52.5%可湿性粉剂（WP），用量为0.75与1.0 kg/ha；丙环唑25%乳油（EC），用量为0.75与1.0 L/ha；Signum 33.4%水分散粒剂（WG），用量为0.75与1.0 g/ha；代森锰锌80%可湿性粉剂（WP），用量为1.0与1.5 kg/ha；百菌清75%可湿性粉剂（WP），用量为1.5与2.0 kg/ha。此外，研究团队以相同浓度设置温室重复试验，并采用琼脂稀释法开展离体（in vitro）试验，杀菌剂浓度梯度设为0、10、20、40、60 ppm。结果显示，Signum®是防控该病害效果最优的化学药剂。但基于经济分析，分别推荐1.5 kg/ha浓度的代森锰锌与百菌清用于上述病害高发区的病害防控。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集评估了五种杀菌剂（包括Iprodione + Carbendazim、Propiconazole、Signum、Mancozeb和Chlorothalonil）对伊朗扁豆疫病的防治效果，该病害由Stemphylium beticola和Alternaria alternata引起。研究基于2018-2021年在伊朗多地的田间试验、温室试验和体外实验，结果显示Signum®效果最佳，但经济分析推荐使用Mancozeb和Chlorothalonil进行实际防治。