Factors and Dynamics of Cu Nanocrystal Reconstruction under CO₂ Reduction

Cu nanocrystals as catalysts for CO2 reduction are a subject of considerable contemporary interest, but their stability has not been considered as extensively. Herein, we report on the reconstruction of Cu nanocrystals during CO2 reduction and discuss the factors influencing the observed changes with computer-based quantitative analysis and spectroscopic techniques. The timelines of opposing phenomena, sintering and declustering, previously reported separately, are detailed with a focus on two forces affecting the final morphology: applied potential and reaction intermediates. This intriguing system demonstrates the need for fundamental understanding of catalyst behavior preceding the ability to control its performance.