Integrative genomic and proteomic insights into the functional potency of Lactobacillus species associated with term and preterm birth

Lactobacillus dominant vaginal microbiome reduces the risk of preterm birth (PTB). However, Lactobacillus iners and other anaerobic bacteria are found in abundance in the vaginal microbiota of reproductive-age women across the globe, including India, associating with PTB. The genome of lactobacilli is enriched with pathogen resistance and anti-inflammation functions. These functions are constitutively expressed, have the ability to inhibit the growth of reproductive tract pathogens and reduce the risk of preterm birth. Furthermore, these lactobacillus species could further prove to be potential candidates for biotherapeutics.