ESA Land Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative (LST_cci): All-weather MicroWave Land Surface Temperature (MW-LST) global data record (1996-2020)

MW-LST is a data record of land surface temperature (LST) derived from the microwave instruments Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and Special Sensor Microwave Imager / Sounder (SSMIS). Observations available at frequencies close to 18, 22, 26, and 85 GHz are used as an input to a retrieval algorithm that produces LST over all continental surfaces, twice per day (6 am/pm), at a spatial resolution of ~25 km, and over 25 years (1996-2020). The data record has been produced by the company Estellus working within the ESA Land Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative (LST_cci). Compared with the remaining infrared LST data records of the LST_cci, the spatial resolution of the MW-LST is coarser, and the associated retrieval errors are larger. However, it offers LST estimates for clear-sky and cloudy conditions, therefore complementing the IR LST data records, which can only provide LST for clear skies. The data record is temporally and spatially complete, although in rare occasions some data can be missing due to missing observations, e.g., due to satellite maintenance operations or anomalous behavior. The data record is provided on a regular grid of 0.25x0.25 degrees, saved as daily, monthly, and yearly netcdf files. The reader is referred to the LST_cci website for more information about how the data record was derived, and how to use the data and associated quality flags and estimated uncertainty.

MW-LST（Microwave Land Surface Temperature，微波地表温度）是一套基于微波仪器反演得到的地表温度（Land Surface Temperature, LST）数据记录，其数据源为美国国防气象卫星计划（Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, DMSP）搭载的专用传感器微波成像仪（Special Sensor Microwave/Imager, SSM/I）与专用传感器微波成像仪/探测器（Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder, SSMIS）。
该数据集采用频率接近18、22、26及85 GHz的观测数据作为反演算法的输入，可生成所有陆面区域的地表温度产品，时间分辨率为每日两次（早6时与晚6时），空间分辨率约为25 km，时间跨度覆盖1996至2020年共计25年。
该数据记录由欧洲空间局（European Space Agency, ESA）地表温度气候变化倡议（Land Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative, LST_cci）框架下的Estellus公司研发制作。相较于LST_cci项目内其余红外地表温度数据记录，MW-LST的空间分辨率更低，相关反演误差也相对更大。但其可提供晴空与云天条件下的地表温度估算结果，因此可对仅能生成晴空地表温度的红外地表温度数据记录形成有效补充。
该数据记录在时间与空间维度上整体完整，但极少数情况下会因观测数据缺失（例如卫星维护作业或设备异常运行）出现数据空档。
数据以0.25°×0.25°的规则格网形式存储，保存为日、月、年尺度的NetCDF格式文件。如需了解该数据记录的反演方法、使用规范以及配套的质量标记与估算不确定度详情，可参考LST_cci官方网站。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供1996-2020年全球微波土地表面温度(MW-LST)记录，源自DMSP卫星的SSM/I和SSMIS仪器观测，空间分辨率约25公里，每天两次测量，覆盖全天候条件。相比红外LST数据，虽然分辨率较低但能观测多云天气情况，数据以NetCDF格式存储，包含每日/每月/每年的文件。