CKD and Nutrition: A Patient Centric Approach

Abstract
Background:
Nutritional therapy is an essential component of managing kidney disease including chronic kidney diseases. This is because it facilitates to mitigate the effects of fluid and electrolyte imbalances, slow disease progression, and improve patient outcomes. Such interventions incorporate restrictions like reducing protein intake to help reduce the kidneys' workload but adequate energy intake should be ensured to prevent malnutrition. Nutritional support must ensure that energy needs are met. Thus, it is important to asses if nutritional intervention improves the condition of chronic kidney disease patients
Aim:
To asses the changes in nutrition intake as a nutrition intervention and corresponding changes in biochemical parameters of the chronic kidney disease patients.
Objectives:
To asses the changes in nutrition levels post nutrition intervention in chronic kidney disease patients
To asses the changes in biochemical parameter levels post nutrition intervention in chronic kidney disease patients
Method:
The study was conducted in the OPD / IPD and dialysis unit of the Nephrology and Medicine department, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow. Total 90 patients of CKD stage 3-5 were considered in this research. All the patients were provided with customized nutritional intervention plan. Mean statistics and p-values have been used to asses the changes post nutrition intervention. SPSS 23.0 has been used for analysis.
Results:
The research found significant difference between the values of nutrition parameters (energy, protein and fat) before nutrition intervention and prescribed values of nutrition parameters. Significant difference was not fond to exist between the values of nutrition parameters (energy and protein) after nutrition intervention and prescribed values of nutrition parameters. But significant difference was found to exist for fat after nutrition intervention and prescribed values. Further, significant difference was found to exist between the biochemical parameter levels prior and post nutrition intervention in chronic kidney disease patients.
Conclusion:
Renal nutritional interventions play a critical role in the management of kidney diseases like chronic kidney disease. Working closely with a renal dietitian is crucial for optimizing nutritional care and maintaining overall health in patients with kidney disease.
Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Kidney Disease, Nutrition.