Summary of the predictions of each hypothesis and overview of the methods used to test them (*Diversification any time subsequent to the formation of the Amazon river (5–12 mya) would be consistent with the riverine barrier hypothesis, therefore only diversification prior to 12 mya would falsify th

Summary of the predictions of each hypothesis and overview of the methods used to test them (*Diversification any time subsequent to the formation of the Amazon river (5–12 mya) would be consistent with the riverine barrier hypothesis, therefore only diversification prior to 12 mya would falsify this prediction; we chose not to use this as a test of the riverine barrier hypothesis because it is nearly impossible to reject for these species, which originated no more than 14 mya [81].).