Raw data - COMMSENV-24-3880A(Title: Draining of an ancient lake in the Hexi Corridor 4500 years ago triggered migration of the Hei Shan civilization)

Here we analyse sedimentary architecture and sequence chronology, suggesting ancient seismicity led to channel deformation in the valley-floor, forming a natural dam and the resultant palaeolake. Drainage of the lake at 4.5 ka, linked to climate fluctuations, triggering human migration from the surrounding mountains to the lower reaches of the Hei River. Our findings reveal that rapid landform evolution probably influenced trans-Eurasian cultural exchange and delayed the formation of the Silk Road.