Reprogramming of root cells during nitrogen-fixing symbiosis entails dynamic polysome association of coding and non-coding RNAs

we compared changes in the transcriptome and the translatome of M. truncatula roots upon rhizobial infection using direct RNA-seq and Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) combined with RNA-seq (TRAP-seq), respectively. TRAP is a ribosome immunopurification approach that has been extensively used in plants and mammals to assess translational changes Transcriptional and translational changes at an early stage of the symbiotic association were examined and compared by performing RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on both Total and TRAP RNA samples (see below) from M. truncatula roots inoculated with water (mock) or with S. meliloti. Root tissue samples from two biological replicates were collected at 48 hours post-inoculation (hpi) from seedlings grown on agar-Fahraeus plates.