List of the studied species (with number of individuals in brackets), together with biological information and ranks for metal concentrations in mandibles and in ovipositors.

In the mandibles, Zn was ranked as 1 (<5 wt%), 2 (5.1–10 wt%), 3 (10.1–20 wt%) or 4 (>20.1 wt%), while the other metals were ranked as 1 (<0.3 wt %), 2 (0.31–0.6 wt%), 3 (0.61–2 wt%) or 4 (>2 wt%). In the ovipositor, all metals were ranked as 1 (<0.3%), 2 (0.31–0.6 wt%), 3 (0.61–2 wt%) or 4 (>2 wt%). “–” identifies that for that species the organ used to emerge (mandibles) or to oviposit (ovipositor) was not analysed.