<b>Religious and Secular Coping Mechanisms in Disaster Recovery: A Comparative Study of Psychological Outcomes Among Earthquake Survivors in Kahramanmaraş and Hatay</b>

Background: This study examines the impact of religious and secular coping mechanisms on psychological outcomes among survivors of the February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake, focusing on Kahramanmaraş and Hatay, which have contrasting religious practices. Objective: To evaluate how religious and secular coping mechanisms influence prolonged grief, PTSD, anxiety, depression, and well-being among earthquake survivors, and to propose culturally sensitive interventions based on the coping styles prevalent in different communities. Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 429 participants from Kahramanmaraş and Hatay. Participants were assessed using the Prolonged Grief Scale (PG-13-Revised), Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlation analyses, and structural equation modeling. Results: Participants from Kahramanmaraş, where religious practices are predominant, showed significantly lower levels of prolonged grief (mean score: 32.8 vs. 45.2), PTSD (mean score: 40.5 vs. 50.3), anxiety (mean score: 18.3 vs. 24.6), and depression (mean score: 22.4 vs. 29.5), and higher well-being (mean score: 45.9 vs. 38.7) compared to Hatay, where secular coping mechanisms are more common. The t-test results were significant (p &lt; 0.001) for all measured outcomes, confirming that religious coping mechanisms have a protective effect against psychological distress following the disaster. Conclusion: The findings suggest that religious coping mechanisms play a crucial role in mitigating psychological distress and enhancing well-being among disaster survivors. The study highlights the importance of incorporating cultural and religious elements into mental health interventions to enhance their effectiveness, particularly in disaster-affected regions with strong religious identities.背景：本研究聚焦2023年2月卡赫拉曼马拉什地震幸存者，考察宗教与世俗应对机制对其心理结局的影响，研究对象为宗教实践特征存在显著差异的卡赫拉曼马拉什与哈塔伊两地。 研究目的：评估宗教与世俗应对机制对地震幸存者的延长哀伤、创伤后应激障碍（Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD）、焦虑、抑郁及心理健康福祉的影响，并基于不同社区流行的应对风格，提出具有文化适配性的干预方案。 研究方法：本研究采用横断面研究设计，共纳入来自卡赫拉曼马拉什与哈塔伊的429名参与者。研究采用延长哀伤量表（Prolonged Grief Scale, PG-13-Revised）、贝克抑郁量表第二版（Beck Depression Inventory-II）、贝克焦虑量表（Beck Anxiety Inventory）、沃里克-爱丁堡心理健康量表（Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale）及DSM-5创伤后应激障碍检查表对参与者进行评估。数据分析包含描述性统计、t检验、相关分析及结构方程模型。 研究结果：与世俗应对机制更为普遍的哈塔伊地区相比，宗教实践占主导的卡赫拉曼马拉什地区的幸存者，其延长哀伤得分（均值32.8 vs 45.2）、PTSD得分（均值40.5 vs 50.3）、焦虑得分（均值18.3 vs 24.6）及抑郁得分（均值22.4 vs 29.5）均显著更低，而心理健康福祉得分（均值45.9 vs 38.7）则显著更高。所有测量指标的t检验结果均具有统计学意义（p < 0.001），证实宗教应对机制对灾后心理困扰具有保护作用。 研究结论：本研究结果表明，宗教应对机制在缓解灾难幸存者的心理困扰、提升其心理健康福祉方面发挥着关键作用。本研究强调，将文化与宗教元素融入心理健康干预措施以提升干预效果具有重要意义，在宗教认同浓厚的灾后受影响地区尤为突出。