DataSheet_1_Comprehensive resistance evaluation of 15 blueberry cultivars under high soil pH stress based on growth phenotype and physiological traits.docx

High soil pH is one of the main abiotic factors that negatively affects blueberry growth and cultivation. However, no comprehensive evaluation of the high soil pH tolerance of different blueberry cultivars has been conducted. Herein, 16 phenotypic and physiological indices of 15 blueberry cultivars were measured through pot experiments, and the high-pH soil tolerance coefficient (HSTC) was calculated based on these indices to comprehensively evaluate the high-soil-pH tolerance of plants. The results demonstrated that high soil pH stress inhibited blueberry 77.growth, and MDA, soluble sugar (SS), and soluble protein (SP) levels increased in leaves. Moreover, in all cultivars, CAT activity in the antioxidant system was enhanced, whereas SOD activity was reduced, and the relative expression levels of the antioxidant enzyme genes SOD and CAT showed similar changes. In addition, the leaf chlorophyll relative content (SPAD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (Gs) decreased, while changes in the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were noted in different cultivars. Finally, according to the comprehensive evaluation value D obtained from the combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and membership function (MF), the 15 blueberry cultivars can be divided into 4 categories: high soil pH-tolerant type [‘Briteblue’ (highest D value 0.815)], intermediate tolerance type (‘Zhaixuan 9’, ‘Zhaixuan 7’, ‘Emerald’, ‘Primadonna’, ‘Powderblue’ and ‘Chandler’), low high soil pH-tolerant type (‘Brightwell’, ‘Gardenblue’, ‘Plolific’ and ‘Sharpblue’) and high soil pH-sensitive type [‘Legacy’, ‘Bluegold’, ‘Baldwin’ and ‘Anna’ (lowest D value 0.166)]. Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that plant height, SS, E, leaf length, Ci, SOD, and SPAD could be used to predict and evaluate the high soil pH tolerance of blueberry cultivars.

高土壤pH值是影响蓝莓生长与栽培的主要非生物因素之一。然而，针对不同蓝莓品种的高土壤pH耐受性的综合评估尚未进行全面研究。本研究中，通过对15个蓝莓品种的16个表型与生理指标进行盆栽实验测量，并根据这些指标计算了高pH土壤耐受系数（HSTC），以全面评估植物对高pH土壤的耐受性。结果表明，高土壤pH胁迫抑制了蓝莓的生长，叶片中的丙二醛（MDA）、可溶性糖（SS）和可溶性蛋白（SP）水平升高。此外，在所有品种中，抗氧化系统中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增强，而SOD活性降低，抗氧化酶基因SOD和CAT的相对表达水平显示出相似的变化。此外，叶片叶绿素相对含量（SPAD）、净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（E）和气孔导度（Gs）均有所下降，而不同品种间的细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度（Ci）变化各异。最终，根据主成分分析（PCA）与隶属函数（MF）相结合得到的综合评价值D，将15个蓝莓品种划分为四类：高土壤pH耐受型[‘Briteblue’（最高D值为0.815）]、中等耐受型（‘Zhaixuan 9’，‘Zhaixuan 7’，‘Emerald’，‘Primadonna’，‘Powderblue’和‘Chandler’）、低高土壤pH耐受型（‘Brightwell’，‘Gardenblue’，‘Plolific’和‘Sharpblue’）以及高土壤pH敏感型[‘Legacy’，‘Bluegold’，‘Baldwin’和‘Anna’（最低D值为0.166）]。逐步线性回归分析揭示了植物高度、SS、E、叶片长度、Ci、SOD和SPAD可用于预测和评估蓝莓品种的高土壤pH耐受性。