Mitogenomic phylogeny of <em>Eurytoma</em> Illiger (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae): genus delimitation, species-group assessment, and recurrent host-use transitions

This Dryad dataset contains mitochondrial genome–based data and derived analysis files for a phylogenetic framework of the Palaearctic genus Eurytoma (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae). The dataset includes 166 terminals (159 ingroup specimens and seven outgroups) spanning 13 of the 18 historically recognized Eurytoma species-groups. Contents comprise: (i) assembled mitochondrial genomes and annotations (sequence files and feature tables for protein-coding genes, rRNAs, and tRNAs); (ii) locus-wise and concatenated nucleotide alignments for 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes plus rrnL/rrnS, including trimming/curation outputs and partition information; (iii) phylogenetic tree files from maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference (e.g., Newick format with node-support values, where applicable); (iv) specimen-level metadata (taxon names, species-group assignments, voucher/locality fields, and—when available—links/accessions for underlying public reads); and (v) trophic-strategy character matrice..., Genomic DNA was extracted from individual specimens using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood &amp; Tissue Kit, applying destructive or non-destructive extraction depending on specimen preservation and voucher needs. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing (150 bp paired-end; ~5 Gb per specimen) was generated by an external provider. Raw reads were quality-filtered with Trimmomatic, and mitochondrial genomes were de novo assembled using NOVOPlasty v4.3 with a partial COI fragment as the seed. Assemblies were curated in Geneious Prime (v2024.1.1) via manual inspection, gap correction, and coverage assessment; when assemblies were fragmented or incomplete, reads were mapped to conspecific or congeneric reference mitogenomes (“Map to Reference”) to recover missing regions. Gene annotation (13 protein-coding genes, rrnL, rrnS, and tRNAs) was performed with MITOS/MITOS2 and validated by comparison to published Chalcidoidea mitogenomes. To broaden taxon sampling, publicly available raw reads (e.g., WGS or UCE-de..., # Data from: Mitogenomic phylogeny of *Eurytoma* Illiger (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae): genus delimitation, species-group assessment, and recurrent host-use transitions Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.vx0k6dk6g](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vx0k6dk6g) ## Description of the data and file structure * **“Dataset 1”** comprised 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs) from 140 specimens (IQ-TREE analysis). (Dataset_1_IQ.phy) * **“Dataset 2”** comprised 13 mitochondrial PCGs from 140 specimens (MrBayes analysis). * **“Dataset 3”** comprised 13 mitochondrial PCGs from 140 specimens plus COI sequences from 22 additional specimens (IQ-TREE analysis). (Dataset_3_IQ.phy) * **“Dataset_1_IQ_partition.txt”** and **“Dataset_3_IQ_partition.txt”** are partition files used for IQ-TREE analyses. * **“Dataset_1_IQ.treefile”** and **“Dataset_3_IQ.treefile”** are the resulting maximum likelihood trees from IQ-TREE. * **“Dataset_2_BI.nex”** and associated files (**Dataset_2_BI.nex.mcmc, Dataset_2_BI.nex.run..., ,