dataset of the paper entitled “Diversion of the lower Yellow River to the southern North China Plain: insights from source variations of the Xiashu loess since ~1 Ma” by Jiang et al.

Major element, trace element and Nd isotopic compositions of the silt fraction (&lt;63 μm) of samples collected from the Lu’an (LA) loess section (Dataset S1); major element and trace element compositions of the &lt;63 μm and &lt;20 μm fractions of 11 widely-distributed Last Glacial <em>Xiashu </em>loess samples and their locations, rare earth element compositions of the silt fraction of samples providing signatures of the potential sources including the Huai River, lower Yangtze River, and lower Yellow River; and rare earth element compositions of samples from loess deposits of the Chinese Loess Plateau (Dataset S2).