SOME: A Multimodal TOF-SIMS Framework for Cross-Modal Single-Cell Matching and Metabolic Typing in Breast Cancer

Single-cell metabolic heterogeneity is one of the key challenges in understanding breast cancer progression, including the transition from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). We developed a framework, SOME (Single-cell Spatial Omics Matching and Embedding), based on time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging to analyze metabolic changes at single-cell resolution during this evolution, aiming to link cellular metabolic states to tissue architecture.