Supporting data for "<b>Antiviral effect of the branched peptide 4P9R on human rhinovirus</b>"
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Human rhinovirus (HRV) is one of the most common viral pathogens that cause human respiratory tract infection, but there are no approved antiviral drugs for clinical use against HRV. In the recent COVID‐19 pandemic, the persistence of HRV and the complex effects of its co-infection have once again emphasised the importance of developing a broad-spectrum antiviral drug with anti-HRV effects. 4P9R is a branched broad-spectrum antiviral peptide developed by our group based on natural antiviral peptides, which has shown good antiviral potential against several influenza viruses and coronaviruses by crosslinking them and blocking their entry and release. However, the antiviral potential of 4P9R for non-enveloped viruses has not yet been tested.In this study, we demonstrated the dose-dependent antiviral effect of 4P9R against several HRV serotypes, including major group and minor group HRVs. We found that 4P9R could directly act on HRVs and crosslink the viruses on the cell surface, thus blocking their entry. We also demonstrated that 4P9R could increase viral attachment on cell surface and slightly reduce viral release. We tried to establish a mouse model for HRV replication to verify the antiviral effects of 4P9R. However, current HRV animal models could not support HRV replication with sufficient viral load changes in mice, indicating that the animal model requires further optimization. Overall, we demonstrated that this novel antiviral peptide has broad-spectrum activities against various serotypes of HRV.
人鼻病毒（Human rhinovirus, HRV）是引发人类呼吸道感染的最常见病毒病原体之一，但目前尚无获批用于临床抗HRV的抗病毒药物。在近期的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行期间，HRV的持续流行及其合并感染的复杂影响，再次凸显了开发具有抗HRV活性的广谱抗病毒药物的重要性。4P9R是本课题组基于天然抗病毒肽开发的分支型广谱抗病毒肽，可通过交联多种流感病毒与冠状病毒，阻断其入侵与释放过程，对上述病毒展现出良好的抗病毒潜力。然而，4P9R对非包膜病毒的抗病毒活性尚未得到验证。本研究证实，4P9R对多种HRV血清型（包括主要群与次要群HRV）具有剂量依赖性抗病毒效应。研究发现，4P9R可直接作用于HRV，并在细胞表面交联病毒颗粒，从而阻断其入侵过程。此外，本研究还证实4P9R可增强病毒在细胞表面的吸附，并略微降低病毒的释放量。本研究尝试构建HRV复制小鼠模型以验证4P9R的抗病毒效果，但当前的HRV动物模型无法支持小鼠体内出现足够的病毒载量变化，表明该动物模型仍需进一步优化。综上，本研究证实这款新型抗病毒肽对多种血清型的HRV具有广谱抗病毒活性。
