Pioneering microbial programming of early life patterns and intestinal mucosal barrier composition in chicken

This study confirmed the colonization of sterile groups in the intestinal tract of embryonic chickens in a healthy state. It was observed that the colonization mode of AA chicken intestinal pioneering microbiota and the composition of intestinal mucosal barrier primarily focused on the body's metabolism, growth, and development. On the other hand, the colonization mode of Tibetan chicken intestinal pioneering microbiota and the composition of intestinal mucosal barrier seemed to prioritize the body's adaptability to environmental changes and stress. The transplantation of donor chicken intestinal pioneering microbiota was found to effectively alter the colonization mode of recipient chicken intestinal pioneering microbiota. It led to the transfer of dominant intestinal microbiota closely associated with variety-specific functions from the donor to the recipient, consequently changing the composition of the recipient's intestinal mucosal barrier. However, it is important to note that the contribution of the functional advantage provided by the transplanted intestinal pioneering microbiota to the growth phenotype of the recipient could be influenced by the genetic characteristics of the recipient. Overall, these findings provide a preliminary basis for further research and development of the ecological barrier of chicken intestinal microbiota, supporting the hypothesis that the intestinal mucosa of poultry could be a target for antibiotics during the early stages of poultry breeding.