Research data for "Methanogenic archaea as catalysts for magnetite formation in iron-rich marine sediments"

Sample depth and contents of Al, Fe, Ca, Ti, Rb, and Zr, total inorganic carbon (TIC), total organic carbon (TOC), chromium reducible sulfur (CRS), sulfur isotopic composition of CRS, four pools of reactive iron of bulk sediments and magnetic susceptibility from two cores QH-CL113 and QH-CL180, South China Sea.