Global energy sector methane emissions estimated by using facility-level satellite observations

Methane emissions from energy sector facilities (oil, gas, and coal) represent a 15% significant contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions with substantial mitigation potential. We estimate global 2023 methane emissions from energy sector point-sources using the high spatial resolution GHGSat satellite constellation. GHGSat detected 8.30 ± 0.24 Mt yr-1 of methane emissions from 3,114 emission sites. Detected O&G and coal emitting sites are found to be emitting 16% and 48% of the time, respectively, above GHGSat’s detection limit without 20 significant continental variations. Compared to the Global Fuel Exploitation Inventory (GFEIv3), GHGSat’s estimate comprises 12% of GFEIv3’s total emissions, or 24% over GHGSat-observed locations, with good spatial correlation at the country scale but only weak spatial correlation at the 0.2 ° x 0.2 ° grid cell scale.
, , , # Data from: Global energy sector methane emissions estimated by using facility-level satellite observations

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.rxwdbrvkp](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.rxwdbrvkp)

## Description of the data and file structure

This dataset accompanies the research article \"Globale Energy Sector Methane Emissions Estimated by using Facility-Level Satellite Observations\" by Jervis et al., 2025, Science.

This dataset was collected using the GHGSat satellite constellation. It comprises estimates of instantaneous (site_emissions_dataset.csv) and temporally-averaged (OG_Flux.nc and Coal_Flux_.nc) methane emissions from oil and gas and coal/mining sources globally (at locations latlon_array.nc) in 2023. The dataset also includes the number of site observations within each grid cell (Coverge.nc)

### Files and variables

#### File: Coal_Flux_.nc

**Description:** Temporally-averaged estimate of Coal methane emission flux and error at gridded locations provided by latlon_array.nc. Bo...,