Motivational model to enhance sustainable productivity of workers in the South African construction industry (SACI)

The SACI faces the serious challenge of low productivity, which threatens to compromise the long-term sustainability of the industry. In this regard, this study examines how motivational drivers could improve worker performance and sustain the industry's productivity. Precisely, a conceptual model was developed through consolidating findings from an extensive review of literature on key constructs of motivational incentives, motivational empowerment, psychological influence, organizational and governmental motivational policies, and sustainable productivity relevant to the SACI.These objectives were realized using a sequential mixed-method approach. Quantitative data were collected from an online questionnaire administered to randomly selected construction professionals and contractors in civil building and general building categories registered from Grades 1-9 with CIBD. Data analysis includes descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM) using PLS software.The conceptual model was confirmed, and the research questions were further developed during the qualitative phase. Findings from the quantitative phase also informed the interview guide in this stage. The motivational constructs and productivity outcomes were integrated to develop and validate the Sustainable Productivity of Workers' Enhancement Model using SEM.This research makes a significant contribution to advancing sustainable productivity within the South African Construction Industry. It reveals that while financial incentives are vital in driving performance, lasting motivation emerges from a deeper integration of empowerment, psychological fulfilment, supportive organisational and government policies. By uniting these dimensions into a holistic motivational framework, the study redefines productivity as both an economic and human endeavour anchored in dignity, purpose, and well-being. It provides actionable insights for fostering engaged, resilient, and high-performing workforces, positioning the construction industry as a driver of sustainable growth and social transformation in South Africa.