Images of the nerve fiber architecture at micrometer-resolution in the vervet monkey visual system

Unstained histological sections obtained from two vervet monkey brains were used to study the anatomy of Stratum Sagittale (SS), Inferior Longitudinal Fascicle (ILF), Vertical Occipital Fascicle (VOF), Tapetum, Stratum Calcarinum, and dorsal Occipital Bundle (dOB) as distinct units of white matter architecture in the monkey’s visual system. We applied 3D Polarized Light Imaging (3D-PLI) to identify and trace these anatomical structures in selected brain sections cut along the coronal or sagittal plane. The data provided here show color-coded fiber orientations (Fiber Orientation Maps, FOMs) and brain regions of distinct light extinction (Transmittance Maps). They highlight the microstructure of the monkey’s fiber architecture and were used to carve out the listed white matter structures.