Exploration in the Biomarker for the Bioassay-based Quality Control of a Thirteen-component TCM Formula, Lianhua Qingwen, for the Treatment of Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Infection

serum metabolomics analysis, we screened out two important metabolites, prostaglandin F2a and arachidonic acid, and their metabolic pathway - arachidonic acid metabolism as the vital indicators of LHQW efficacy for influenza. The subsequent macrophages transcriptomics highlighted the prominent role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is the major rate-limiting enzyme in the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway.