Safety at Sea during the Industrial Revolution

This is a replication package for "Safety at Sea during the Industrial Revolution" and includes data on shipping movements, marine insurance rates and ship losses. Articile abstract: Shipping, central to the rise of the Atlantic economies, was an extremely hazardous activity. Between the 1780s and 1820s, a safety revolution occurred that saw shipping losses and insurance rates on oceanic routes almost halved thanks to steady improvements in shipbuilding and navigation. Copper sheathing, iron reinforcing and flush decks were the major innovations in shipbuilding. Navigation improved, not through chronometers which remained too expensive and unreliable for general use, but through radically improved charts, accessible manuals of basic navigational techniques, and improved shore-based navigational aids.